Breast Cancer
Case Study Breast Cancer
Mrs. Ann Thompson, age 52, felt a small hard painless lump in the upper outer quadrant of her left breast during regular breast self examination. Her mother and a cousin had had breast cancer. Mrs. A.T. has no children and still has menstrual cycles. After seeing her physician and having a mammogram, a biopsy was scheduled, which confirmed that the nodule was malignant.
1—List the factors in the patient’s history that increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
2—Describe other possible signs of breast cancer.
3—Explain why this lump is not typical of a benign condition. (Lumpectomy was performed on Mrs. A.T. and a number of axillary lymph nodes were removed.)
4—Explain why the axillary lymph nodes were removed.
5—The tumour cells tested positive for estrogen receptors. Explain the significance of this information and the implications for Mrs. A.T.
6—Mrs. A.T’s lung and bone scans were negative. Explain the purpose of these scans. Only two of the axillary lymph nodes were positive for tumor cells. The prognosis appeared good, but the oncologist recommended a course of radiation and chemotherapy.
7—Explain why Mrs. A.T. will have an increased risk of infection after she starts the radiation and chemotherapy treatments.
8—Explain why Mrs. A.T. will have an increased risk of infection after she starts the radiation and chemotherapy treatments.
9—Explain why Mrs. A.T. will have to undergo frequent mammograms and check ups for the next few years.
GUIDE LINES TO DO THE CASE STUDY
***At least 4 credible (scholarly) references Only one reference may be the website
APA format must be 4 pages plus reference page in total 4+ with reference page
Also you must cite (i.e., give credit to) information you obtain from all reference sources (eg, text books, journals, reputable internet sites) This means that it is necessary to cite both paraphrased/summarized information and direct quote. It is likely that you will require at least one citation per paragraph. Only 10% of the material that you use in answering the questions in this assignment should be quoted material.
***Must hand in a photocopy of the cataloguing/ copying information page (publishing information) from each of the print references and a copy of the first page of any website resource that you use. Ensure to follow correct APA formatting for each resource on your reference list.
HAS TO BE DONE IN EASY ENGLISH CLEARLY UNDERSTANDABLE