Submit the project as a Word document with Excel file that includes the estimation results and the complete dataset you have used.
The following table gives information on the quantity demanded of commodity X (Qx), its price (Px), and the price of related good Y (Py) from 1980 to 2011.
Qx Px Py Income Advertising
1980 120.5 280 230
1981 140.2 240 250
1982 135.1 265 240
1983 163.7 250 250
1984 142.4 240 240
1985 131.6 270 245
1986 180.8 240 220
1987 201.7 215 280
1988 164.8 250 276
1989 133.6 265 250
1990 137.8 265 249
1991 183.3 240 240
1992 211.7 230 240
1993 237.5 225 234
1994 209.5 225 250
1995 196.8 220 235
1996 159.5 230 240
1997 183.2 235 250
1998 190.5 245 249
1999 205.5 240 240
2000 175.7 250 289
2001 191.6 240 230
2002 212.7 240 250
2003 202.2 235 240
2004 220.8 220 231
2005 221.2 218.7 239
2006 223.9 220 257
2007 225.1 219 236
2008 229 216.5 230
2009 231.9 215.6 230
2010 233 213 256
2011 234.5 212.5 245
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the Income and Advertising variables must be filled in by each student as follows:
• Income variable: RGDP data for Angola
The data for this variable must come from the Penn World Tables. Go to: http://www.rug.nl/research/ggdc/data/penn-world-table and from the Excel file available on that page (middle of page under Expert Data Access), copy and paste the RGDP data for Angolafrom 1980-2011 (use the RGDP variable with the name ‘RGDPna’ from this database). (Please remember to cite your source.)
• Advertising: For this variable each student must fill in the table with whatever random 3-digit values he wants.
REQUIREMENTS;
(1) (i) UsingExcel, estimate using regression analysis the linear demand equation of Qx on Px, Py, Income and Advertising. Write down this estimated equation.
(ii) Assume that in 2012 Px, Py, Income, and Advertising are all 10% greater than their 2011 value.Using the estimated equation in the previous part, calculate all the point elasticities of demand (price, income, cross price, and advertising elasticities) in Year 2012. Comment on your results (e.g. is demand for X elastic or inelastic; are X and Y substitutes or complements; is X a normal or an inferior good; is X a luxury or a necessity; is X sensitive to advertising or not).
(iii) Explain how a business may utilize these elasticities to inform its decision-making process.
(2) (i) Using Excel, transform all variables into natural logarithms (ln). Then use these variables to estimate the demand equation in log-linear form (i.e. ln(Qx) on ln(Px), ln(Py), ln(Income) and ln(Advertising). Write down this estimated equation.
(ii) Based on the estimated log-linear model, what are the elasticities of demand (price, income, cross price, and advertising elasticities)? Do the conclusions you have reached in Part 1(ii) still hold?Explain your answer.
(3) (i) For each model (linear and log-linear model), investigate which of the explanatory variables are individually statistically significant at the 5% significance level. Explain your answer.
(ii) Conduct an F-test (at the 1% significance level) for each model and comment on the results.
(iii) Based on economic theory and the statistical tests you have conducted, which model do you consider preferable (the linear or log-linear model)? Explain fully your answer.
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